Consumer Reports Finds Toxic Chemicals in Popular Synthetic Braiding Hair Brands

Braided hairstyles remain a popular choice for Black people, offering a versatile and low-maintenance way to protect natural hair. However, a new Consumer Reports investigation has raised concerns about the safety of synthetic braiding hair, revealing that some of the most widely used brands contain hazardous chemicals, including carcinogens, lead, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Testing on ten popular braiding hair brands found toxic substances in every sample. Among the brands tested were Sensationnel X-Pression 3X Pre-Stretched Braid, Magic Fingers 3X Pre-Stretched Braiding Hair, and Shake-N-Go FreeTress 3X Pre-Stretched Braid 301. Three products contained benzene, a known carcinogen linked to acute myeloid leukemia, while nine out of ten had unsafe levels of lead, which can cause brain damage, kidney problems, and reproductive issues. Acetone, a respiratory irritant, was also detected in all products.

Many consumers have reported adverse reactions, such as skin irritation, scalp discomfort, and lingering chemical odors after installing synthetic braids. Chrystal Thomas, a medical student at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and CUNY, began researching the risks of synthetic braiding hair after experiencing symptoms herself. “I couldn’t sleep well, my throat felt irritated, and I had trouble focusing on any type of work I was doing because of the smell,” she said. Even after multiple washes, the chemical odor remained, leading her to remove the braids after just over a week.

Experts warn that these chemicals may pose long-term health risks. Tamarra James-Todd, an environmental reproductive epidemiologist, explained that many of the substances found in synthetic braiding hair act as endocrine disruptors, interfering with the body’s hormonal system. “These [chemicals] don’t operate in isolation; they’re operating together,” she said, adding that Black women have been found to have higher levels of these chemicals in their blood and urine. She also noted that exposure occurs through direct contact with the scalp, inhalation, and hand-to-mouth transfer.

Despite its widespread use, synthetic braiding hair remains largely unregulated by the FDA, leaving consumers with little information about potential risks. Some manufacturers, such as Kaneka (which produces Kanekalon fibers), say they only provide raw materials, while third-party companies process, dye, and distribute the final products.

The Black haircare industry, valued at $2.79 billion in 2023, is projected to reach $6.34 billion by 2029, highlighting the growing demand for hair extensions, wigs, and braiding hair. However, the findings from this investigation raise concerns about safety and regulatory oversight in the market. Until more research is conducted, experts suggest limiting the use of synthetic braiding hair or thoroughly washing it before installation to reduce exposure to harmful chemicals.