The U.S. has just approved a powerful new weapon in the fight against HIV: a twice-a-year prevention shot called Yeztugo. Made by Gilead Sciences, the injectable treatment slashes the risk of HIV infection better than traditional daily pills—and only needs to be taken twice a year.
Yeztugo, based on the drug lenacapavir, was found to be nearly 100% effective in studies involving high-risk groups, including women in Africa and LGBTQ+ communities in the U.S. and other countries. In clinical trials, none of the women who received the shot contracted HIV, while infections occurred among those on daily pills.
The shot is given under the skin of the abdomen, releasing medication gradually over six months. Patients must test negative for HIV before receiving it. Though it’s not a vaccine and doesn’t protect against other STDs, it offers long-lasting protection with fewer clinic visits and less daily management.
Experts are calling it a major step forward, especially for people who struggle with daily pill regimens or fear the stigma tied to taking HIV meds. However, at $28,218 a year before insurance, affordability is a major issue. While most insurance plans are expected to cover it, uncertainty looms as the Supreme Court considers a case that could roll back insurance requirements for PrEP.
Meanwhile, federal funding cuts and dismantled CDC HIV prevention programs could make it hard to reach the people most at risk—particularly low-income communities, women, and people of color.
Globally, Gilead has plans to expand access. It signed deals with six generic manufacturers to produce lower-cost versions for 120 low-income countries, supplying 2 million doses at no profit until generics are available. Still, many middle-income countries are left out of this plan, sparking concern among public health leaders.
While Yeztugo represents a promising leap in HIV prevention, its real-world success will depend on whether healthcare systems can ensure equitable access—especially to the communities that need it most.
